Indicative present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | ||
Singular |
i | olen | en ole |
ii | olet | et ole | |
iii | on | ei ole | |
Plural |
i | olemme / ollaan | emme ole / ei olla |
ii | olette | ette ole | |
iii | ovat | eivät ole |
Indicative imperfect | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | ||
Singular |
i | olin | en ollut |
ii | olit | et ollut | |
iii | oli | ei ollut | |
Plural |
i | olimme / oltiin | emme olleet / ei oltu |
ii | olitte | ette olleet | |
iii | olivat | eivät olleet |
Indicative perfect | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | ||
Singular |
i | olen ollut | en ole ollut |
ii | olet ollut | et ole ollut | |
iii | on ollut | ei ole ollut | |
Plural |
i | olemme olleet | emme ole olleet |
ii | olette olleet | ette ole olleet | |
iii | ovat olleet | eivät ole olleet |
(copulative) to be (indicating that the subject and the complement of the verb form the same thing) Fin: Minä olen onnellinen. Eng: ― I am happy. Fin: Minä olen lääkäri. Eng: ― I am a doctor. |
(intransitive) to be (occupy a place) Fin: Minä olen kotona. Eng: ― I am at home. |
(copulative) to be, constitute, make up, form Fin: Tuo on maanpetos. Eng: ― That constitutes (high) treason. |
(intransitive, adessive + 3rd person singular + ~) to have; to own, to possess Synonym: Fin: Minulla on/oli/on ollut kissa (nom.). (when in positive sentences, countable nouns in nominative) ― I have/had/have had a cat. Eng: Fin: Minulla ei ole kissaa (part.). (when in negative sentences, countable nouns in partitive) ― I don't have a cat. Eng: Fin: Minulla on/oli/on ollut sinut (acc.). (when in positive sentences, personal pronouns in accusative) ― I have/had/have had you. Eng: Fin: Minulla ei ole/ei ollut/ei ole ollut sinua (part.). (when in negative sentences, personal pronouns in partitive) ― I don't have/didn't have/haven't had you. Eng: |
(intransitive, inessive + 3rd person singular + ~) to have, to possess (as a feature or capability, as opposed to simple possession; almost always for inanimate subjects) Fin: Tässä autossa on kaikki lisävarusteet. Eng: ― This car has all the accessories. |
(intransitive, ~ (olemassa)) to exist (the subject often indefinite = in partitive case -> verb in 3rd-pers. singular) Fin: Rakkautta ei ole (olemassa). Eng: ― Love doesn't exist. |
(intransitive) to behave, act (as if...) (when followed by a essive plural form of a present active participle with possessive suffix, or a subordinate clause beginning with (ikään,) kuin, requiring conditional mood) Fin: Hän ei ollut huomaavinaan mitään. Eng: ― He behaved as if he hadn't noticed anything. |
(transitive, auxiliary) to have (a verb to build active present perfect tense and active past perfect tense, taking active past participle, ending -nut/-nyt (singular) or -neet (pl.)) Fin: Olen jo syönyt tänään. Eng: ― I have already eaten today. Fin: Olemme jo syöneet tänään. Eng: ― We have already eaten today. Fin: Olin jo syönyt. Eng: ― I had already eaten. Fin: Olimme jo syöneet. Eng: ― We had already eaten. |
(transitive, auxiliary) to have (a verb to build impersonal simple past tense, impersonal passive present perfect tense and impersonal passive past perfect tense, taking passive past participle, ending -tu/-ty) Fin: Aamiainen oli jo syöty. Eng: ― Breakfast had already been eaten. Fin: Minulla on/ei ole rahaa (part.). (singular uncountable nouns in partitive in both positive and negative sentences) ― I have/don't have money. Eng: Fin: Minulla on valta (nom.). (with an uncountable noun in nominative, the meaning or nuance of the sentence changes) Eng: ― I've got the power. |
(intransitive, 3rd person singular) (there) be Fin: Pöydällä on kissa. (when in positive sentences, singular countable nouns in nominative) Eng: ― There is a cat on the table. Fin: Pöydällä ei ole kissaa. (when in negative sentences, singular countable nouns in partitive) Eng: ― There is no cat on the table. Fin: Pöydällä on/ei ole kissoja. (plural countable nouns in partitive in both positive and negative sentences) Eng: ― There are (some) cats / There are no cats on the table. Fin: Lattialla on/ei ole rahaa. (singular uncountable nouns in partitive in both positive and negative sentences) Eng: ― There is (some) / There is no money on the floor. |
(intransitive, + genitive + 3rd person singular + passive present participle) to have to do something, must do something; be obliged/forced to do something Fin: Minun (gen.) on nyt mentävä. ― I have to go now. Eng: Fin: Minun on palautettava kirja kirjastoon perjantaihin mennessä. ― I have to return the book to the library by Friday. that same in passive: nominative/accusative + 3rd-pers. singular + passive present participle, -tava/-tävä Eng: to have to be done, must be done Fin: Kirja (nom.) on palautettava kirjastoon perjantaihin mennessä. (countable nouns in nominative) ― The book has to be returned to the library by Friday. Eng: Fin: Onko sinut (acc.) hiljennettevä pakolla? (personal pronouns in accusative) ― Do I have to make you shut your mouth? (literally, “Do you have to be quietened by force?”) Eng: |
(transitive) to play a children's game Synonym: |
phrases | |
oli miten oli | |
adjectives | |
nouns | |
verbs | |
oleutua (reflexive) | |
Indicative plusquamperfect | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | ||
Singular |
i | olin ollut | en ollut ollut |
ii | olit ollut | et ollut ollut | |
iii | oli ollut | ei ollut ollut | |
Plural |
i | olimme olleet | emme olleet olleet |
ii | olitte olleet | ette olleet olleet | |
iii | olivat olleet | eivät olleet olleet |
Conditional present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | ||
Singular |
i | olisin | en olisi |
ii | olisit | et olisi | |
iii | olisi | ei olisi | |
Plural |
i | olisimme | emme olisi |
ii | olisitte | ette olisi | |
iii | olisivat | eivät olisi |
Potential present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | ||
Singular |
i | ollen / lienen | en olle / liene / lie |
ii | ollet / lienet | et olle / liene / lie |
|
iii | ollee / lienee / lie |
ei olle / liene / lie |
|
Plural |
i | ollemme / lienemme | emme olle / liene / lie |
ii | ollette / lienette | ette olle / liene / lie |
|
iii | ollevat / lienevät | eivät olle / liene / lie |
Conditional perfect | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | ||
Singular |
i | olisin ollut | en olisi ollut |
ii | olisit ollut | et olisi ollut | |
iii | olisi ollut | ei olisi ollut | |
Plural |
i | olisimme olleet | emme olisi olleet |
ii | olisitte olleet | ette olisi olleet | |
iii | olisivat olleet | eivät olisi olleet |
Potential perfect | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | ||
Singular |
i | lienen ollut | en liene ollut |
ii | lienet ollut | et liene ollut | |
iii | lienee ollut | ei liene ollut | |
Plural |
i | lienemme olleet | emme liene olleet |
ii | lienette olleet | ette liene olleet | |
iii | lienevät olleet | eivät liene olleet |
Imperative | ||
---|---|---|
Singular |
i | - |
ii | ole | |
iii | olkoon | |
Plural |
i | olkaamme |
ii | olkaa | |
iii | olkoot |
Passive | ||
---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | |
Present | ollaan | ei olla |
Imperfect | oltiin | ei oltu |
Potential | oltaneen | ei oltane |
Conditional | oltaisiin | ei oltaisi |
Imperative Present | oltakoon | älköön oltako |
Imperative Perfect | olkoon oltu | älköön olko oltu |
Participle | ||
---|---|---|
Active | Passive | |
1st | oleva | oltava |
2nd | ollut | oltu |
3rd | olema | - |