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joka + kin, relative pronoun

Word analysis
jonakin

jonakin

joka

Relative pronoun, Singular Essive, Focus clitic with suffix kin

jokin

Indefinite pronoun, Singular Essive

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Wiktionary

that / who / which As a relative pronoun, joka only tends to refer to the previous word or phrase, as opposed to a whole sentence (like mikä). In colloquial usage, this distinction is usually not as clear-cut.Fin:Ostin uuden puhelimen, joka on toiminut hyvin.Eng:I bought a new phone that has been working well. ("that" refers to the phone)Fin:Ostin uuden puhelimen, mikä oli ihan hyvä kokemus.Eng:I bought a new phone, which was quite a good experience. ("which" refers to the purchase) that / who / which In Eastern Finnish dialects, the indeclinable stem -ka is still used and, thus, the pronoun forms with -ka can occur in standard Finnish on occasion, because it is not a big error to use it: joidenka, jotenka, joihinka, jonneka etc. Show more arrow right From the pronominal stem jo- + the suffix -ka. The stem jo- is from Proto-Finnic jo (pronominal stem), from Proto-Finno-Permic jo. Related to Karelian joka, Votic jõka, Northern Sami juogọ, Erzya юза тоза (juza toza) and Eastern Mari юж (ûž). Show more arrow right

Examples

Hän on mies, joka ei pelkää. He is a man who does not fear. Tämä on kirja, jota en halua lukea. This is a book that I don't want to read. Talo jossa asun on Helsingissä. The house where I live is in Helsinki. Sain lahjan, josta on hyötyä. I got a present which is useful ('of which is use'). Ne olivat aikoja, jotka eivät palaa. Those were the times that will never return. Tapahtumat joista kuulin olivat kauheita. The events which I heard of were terrible. Se on paras paikka minkä tiedän. It is the best place that I know. Tässä ovat kirjeet, jotka lähetit minulle. Here are the letters, that you sent to me. Tuo on kertomus, johon en usko. That is a story that I don't believe. Tuli sade, mikä esti matkamme. It rained, which prevented our trip. Se on parasta, mitä minulle on koskaan tapahtunut. It is the best thing that has ever happened to me. Show more arrow right
joka / who, which, that
SingularPlural
Nom - jokakin -
Par -ta jotakin joitakin
Gen -n - joittenkin / joidenkin
Ill mihin johonkin joihinkin
Ine -ssa jossakin joissakin
Ela -sta jostakin joistakin
All -lle jollekin joillekin
Ade -lla jollakin joillakin
Abl -lta joltakin joiltakin
Tra -ksi joksikin joiksikin
Ess -na jonakin joinakin
Abe -tta jottakin joittakin
Com -ne - -
Ins -in - joinkin
mikä / which, that
SingularPlural
Nom - mikäkin mitkäkin
Par -ta mitäkin -
Gen -n minkäkin -
Ill mihin minnekin / mihinkin -
Ine -ssa missäkin -
Ela -sta mistäkin -
All -lle millekin -
Ade -lla milläkin -
Abl -lta miltäkin -
Tra -ksi miksikin -
Ess -na minäkin -
Abe -tta - -
Com -ne - -
Ins -in - -

joka / who, which, that

Singular

Plural

Nom

-

jokakin

-

Par

-ta

jotakin

joitakin

Gen

-n

-

joittenkin / joidenkin

Ill

mihin

johonkin

joihinkin

Ine

-ssa

jossakin

joissakin

Ela

-sta

jostakin

joistakin

All

-lle

jollekin

joillekin

Ade

-lla

jollakin

joillakin

Abl

-lta

joltakin

joiltakin

Tra

-ksi

joksikin

joiksikin

Ess

-na

jonakin

joinakin

Abe

-tta

jottakin

joittakin

Com

-ne

-

-

Ins

-in

-

joinkin

mikä / which, that

Singular

Plural

Nom

-

mikäkin

mitkäkin

Par

-ta

mitäkin

-

Gen

-n

minkäkin

-

Ill

mihin

minnekin / mihinkin

-

Ine

-ssa

missäkin

-

Ela

-sta

mistäkin

-

All

-lle

millekin

-

Ade

-lla

milläkin

-

Abl

-lta

miltäkin

-

Tra

-ksi

miksikin

-

Ess

-na

minäkin

-

Abe

-tta

-

-

Com

-ne

-

-

Ins

-in

-

-

Wiktionary

(indefinite) something. (indefinite, adjectival) some, one, a. what have you Fin:Nyt tarvittaisiin vasara tai jotain.Eng:Now we need a hammer or what have you. Show more arrow right In colloquial Finnish, the paradigms of jokin (used of non-human referents in the standard language) and joku (for human referents) have merged. Thus, colloquially, the word joku is used for the nominative singular and its plural form jotkut is used for the nominative plural when referring to both human and non-human referents, but for all other case categories, the forms originating in the paradigm of jokin (above) are used. This leads to the following pairs in colloquial usage:joku mies / jollekin miehellesome man / to some manjoku pöytä / jollekin pöydällesome table / onto some tableand the following pairs in formal usage according to the standard language:joku mies / jollekulle miehelle(meanings as above)jokin pöytä / jollekin pöydälle(meanings as above) Show more arrow right jollakin tavalla (adessive sg.) = somehowsomeway (or another)in some way (or another)(in) one way or anotherby some means Show more arrow right Pronoun stem jo- (see joka) + enclitic particle -kin. Show more arrow right

Examples

Joku koputtaa oveen. Someone is knocking on the door. Olen saanut kirjeen joltakulta. You have got a letter from someone. Tunnetko jotakuta hyvää lääkäriä? Do you know a ('any') good doctor? Joidenkuiden mielestä meidän pitäisi lähteä jo nyt. In the opinion of some we should leave right now. Jollakulla on avaimet. Someone has the keys. Joihinkuihin ei voi luottaa. Some people cannot be trusted. Pitäisin enemmän jostakusta toisesta. I would prefer someone else. Kujalla liikkuu jokin. Something is moving in the alley. Jonakin sunnuntaina lähden hiihtämään. One Sunday I'll go skiing. Jollakin tavalla aion myydä sen. Somehow ('in some way') I'm going to sell it. Sinulla on aina joitakin esteitä. There is always something that prevents you (lit. 'You always have some obstacles.') Söisin mielelläni jotakin. I would like to eat something. Jotkin asiat ovat hyvin tärkeitä. Some things are very important. Olen lukenut sen jostakin. I have read it ('from') somewhere. Joihinkin ihmisiin ei voi uskoa. Some people cannot be believed. Joillekin asioille ei voi mitään. There are some things one can't do anything about. Olli on jossakin ulkona. Olli is somewhere outside. Show more arrow right
jokin / something
SingularPlural
Nom - jokin jotkin
Par -ta jotakin / jotain / jotai joitakin / joitain
Gen -n jonkin joidenkin
Ill mihin johonkin joihinkin
Ine -ssa jossakin / jossain joissakin / joissain
Ela -sta jostakin / jostain joistakin / joistain
All -lle jollekin joillekin
Ade -lla jollakin / jollain joillakin / joillain
Abl -lta joltakin / joltain joiltakin / joiltain
Tra -ksi joksikin joiksikin
Ess -na jonakin / jonain joinakin / joinain
Abe -tta jottakin joittakin
Com -ne - joinekin
Ins -in - joinkin
joku / someone
SingularPlural
Nom - joku jotkut
Par -ta jotakuta joitakuita
Gen -n jonkun / jonku joidenkuiden
Ill mihin johonkuhun joihinkuihin
Ine -ssa jossakussa joissakuissa
Ela -sta jostakusta joistakuista
All -lle jollekulle joillekuille
Ade -lla jollakulla joillakuilla
Abl -lta joltakulta joiltakuilta
Tra -ksi joksikuksi joiksikuiksi
Ess -na jonakuna joinakuina
Abe -tta jottakutta joittakuitta
Com -ne - joinekuine
Ins -in jonkun joinkuin

jokin / something

Singular

Plural

Nom

-

jokin

jotkin

Par

-ta

jotakin / jotain / jotai

joitakin / joitain

Gen

-n

jonkin

joidenkin

Ill

mihin

johonkin

joihinkin

Ine

-ssa

jossakin / jossain

joissakin / joissain

Ela

-sta

jostakin / jostain

joistakin / joistain

All

-lle

jollekin

joillekin

Ade

-lla

jollakin / jollain

joillakin / joillain

Abl

-lta

joltakin / joltain

joiltakin / joiltain

Tra

-ksi

joksikin

joiksikin

Ess

-na

jonakin / jonain

joinakin / joinain

Abe

-tta

jottakin

joittakin

Com

-ne

-

joinekin

Ins

-in

-

joinkin

joku / someone

Singular

Plural

Nom

-

joku

jotkut

Par

-ta

jotakuta

joitakuita

Gen

-n

jonkun / jonku

joidenkuiden

Ill

mihin

johonkuhun

joihinkuihin

Ine

-ssa

jossakussa

joissakuissa

Ela

-sta

jostakusta

joistakuista

All

-lle

jollekulle

joillekuille

Ade

-lla

jollakulla

joillakuilla

Abl

-lta

joltakulta

joiltakuilta

Tra

-ksi

joksikuksi

joiksikuiksi

Ess

-na

jonakuna

joinakuina

Abe

-tta

jottakutta

joittakuitta

Com

-ne

-

joinekuine

Ins

-in

jonkun

joinkuin

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