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Thethird-personsingularformofthenegativeverb (negation verb), usedalsowithimpersonalverbforms (see the usage in passive below). TheEnglishtranslationsincludedon’t, doesn’t, not (with auxiliary verbs and be), andno.Show more The negation verb is used with the connegative form of the main verb. That form is identical to the second-person singular imperative in the indicative present. The potential mood connegative ends in the marker for the mood, -ne-, and the conditional mood connegative ends in the marker for the mood, -isi-. In the indicative past, conditional past and potential past, the active past participle singular (ending -ut/-yt) is used. The connegative form of the main verb is always used without the personal suffix. Usage of ei in active:Indicative: Hännäkee. (She/Hesees.) → Häneinäe. (She/He does not see.)Hännäki. (She/He saw.) → Häneinähnyt. (She/He did not see.)Hän on nähnyt. (She/He has seen.) → Häneiolenähnyt. (She/He has not seen.)Hänolinähnyt. (She/He had seen.) → Häneiollutnähnyt. (She/He had not seen.) Conditional:Hännäkisi. (She/He would see.) → Häneinäkisi. (She/He would not see.)Hänolisinähnyt. (She/He would have seen.) → Häneiolisinähnyt. (She/He would not have seen.) Potential:Hännähnee. (She/He probably sees.) → Häneinähne. (She/He probably does not see.)Hänlieneenähnyt. (She/He has probably seen.) → Häneilienenähnyt. (She/He has probably not seen.) The passive is construed with ei and by dropping the two last letters (indicative -an / -än, conditional -in, potential -en) from the impersonal verb form. In the past of all the three moods, ei is used with the passive past participle singular (ending -tu / -ty): Usage of ei in passive (i.e., in sentences where the impersonal verb form is used):Indicative: Hänet/Minut/Meidätnähdään. (S/he is / I am / We are seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitäeinähdä. (S/he is / I am / We are not seen.)Hänet/Minut/Meidätnähtiin. (S/he was / I was / We were seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitäeinähty. (S/he was / I was / We were not seen.)Hänet/Minut/Meidät on nähty. (S/he has / I have / We have been seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitäeiolenähty. (S/He has / I have / We have not been seen.)Hänet/Minut/Meidätolinähty. (S/he / I / We had been seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitäeiollutnähty. (S/he / I / We had not been seen.) Conditional:Hänet/Minut/Meidätnähtäisiin. (S/he / I / We would be seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitäeinähtäisi. (S/he / I / We would not be seen.)Hänet/Minut/Meidätolisinähty. (S/he / I / We would have been seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitäeiolisinähty. (S/he / I / We would not have been seen.) Potential:Hänet/Minut/Meidätnähtäneen. (S/he is / I am / We are probably seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitäeinähtäne. (S/he is / I am / We are probably not seen.)Hänet/Minut/Meidätlieneenähty. (S/he has / I have / We have probably been seen.) → Häntä/Minua/Meitäeilienenähty. (S/he has / I have / We have probably not been seen.) Note that the accusative objects (e.g. minut, sinut, hänet, meidät, teidät, heidät), the genitive-looking accusative objects singular (talon, kissan, koiran) and the nominative-looking accusative objects plural (talot, kissat, koirat) are never used in a sentence together with the negative verb – in these cases, the partitive is used: Hännäkeekoiran (accusative). (S/hesees a dog.) → Häneinäekoiraa (partitive). (S/he does not see a dog.)Hännäkeenaiset (accusative). (S/hesees the women.) → Häneinäenaisia (partitive). (S/he does not see women/the women)Show more eiheittämättäShow more From Proto-Finnic e-, from Proto-Uralic e- ~ ä- ~ a- (negative verb stem). Cognates include Estonian ei, Karelian ei, Livonian ä’b, Veps ei, Northern Sami ii, Skolt Sami ij, Erzya э- (e-), Eastern Mari ы- (y-), Udmurt у- (u-), Komi-Zyrian о- (o-), Mansi (ä-), Forest Enets [Term?] (i-) and Selkup (i-), (e-). Noteworthy forms include eivät (pro earlier evät, reformed after ei). For more forms, see the Proto-Finnic and Proto-Uralic pages.Show more Press Esc to closeSource:
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